Lee, Hing-Yu2021-07-292021-07-2920190009-4668http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/4047972"The concept of fate has long been a topic of concern since ancient times. Mencius proposed the concept of “confinement of fate,” stating that the well-being of individual is “confined” by his predestined “fate.” Though the virtuous man does not necessarily receive good fortune, an upright man will refrain from improving his life through immoral means. Contemporary Neo-Confucianist Mou Zong-san connects Kant’s philosophy with Mencius’s idea and points out that God alone judges the virtue of an individual and the corresponding fortune one receives in life. However, The Book of Job indicates that God does not always guarantee the consistency of virtue and happiness, and the world is full of paradoxes. Job’s fate illustrates that only when human beings establish a relationship with the divine can they successfully transcend the paradox."chiChristian Study Centre on Chinese Religion and Culture, Chung Chi College, Shatin, Hong Konghighest goodconfinement of fatethe consistency of virtue and happinessMou Zong-sanPhilosophical ethicsTheological ethicsAsian theologiesBiblical TheologyOld TestamentVirtue ethicsArticle