Mamdani, Bashir2019-09-252019-09-252011-03-142007-100975-5691http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/176926"Institutions and governance are critical to sound economic policies, income growth and development. To achieve the UN’s Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of raising global living standards, governments in developing nations have invested heavily in education and health. However, poor governance and corruption impede achievement of MDG goals. Healthcare systems differ from one region to another. Therefore it is difficult to develop a single measure to assess quality. We have to rely on gross indirect measures such as life expectancy, mortality rates, spending levels, etc. In developing countries, even such data are often limited. Moreover, governments often fail to implement public policy to assure efficient delivery and adequate distribution of health resourcesengWith permission of the license/copyright holderGood governancehealth careBioethicsSocial ethicsSexual orientation/genderMedical ethicsHealth ethicsArticle