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亚里士多德的德性与社会的关系理论 [On the Theory of the Relation of Virtue and Society]
龚, 群
龚, 群
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Abstract
亚里士多德的德性论是社会中心论，个人德性的实践是一种社会的实践，人类社会只有发展到 一定阶段才有德性完备实践的可能。德性实践是作为幸福中心的必要部分发挥作用，幸福是合乎德性的现 实生活。不同的实践活动养成不同的德性，不具备德性可能的职业实践无从养成德性。最优良的城邦是全 体公民都具有完备德性的城邦。但在亚里士多德看来，这仅是一种理想状态。现实的城邦应以正义为标 准。正义是最基本的社会性德性，不过，正义可作两种理解，一是体现德性之全体和社会共同体的整体利 益的正义，二是部分正义或比例正义。 [Abstract Aristotle’s theory of virtue is one kind of social theory which suggests, individual practice of virtue is social practice and advanced practice of virtue can be possible when human society has developed some high level. The necessary and center part of eudaimonia is virtual practice, and eudaimonia is virtual life. Different practical activities cultivate different virtues and in some occupations, the tendency of their practices is such that the people in the careers can not get vitures. The best city-state shall be the whole citizenship who have all important virtues. However, it is one kind of ideal situation. We shall by justice value the real city-state. Justice is basic social virtue, and we can understand it by two ways, one is said that justice represents the whole virtue and entire interest of community, and the other is said that justice is part justice and ratio justice. ]
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2003-08
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With permission of the license/copyright holder