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The political and social economy of care in the republic of korea
Peng, Ito
Peng, Ito
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n3840_PP_GD_6.pdf
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"This paper applies the idea of the “care diamond”—a conceptual framework used to understand how care is produced and provided by the state, market, family and community— to the political and social economy of care in the Republic of Korea. It argues that the institutional arrangements that make up the care diamond in Korea have changed quite noticeably since the 1990s in response to the country’s evolving political, economic and social contexts. Using the case of family/work harmonization policy reforms, it discusses the reconfiguration of the care diamond and the significance of this for gender. The first section of the paper describes the social policy regime in Korea and how this relates to the idea of the care diamond; the second section highlights key findings from the time use survey analysis based on data from 1999 and 2004; and the last section discusses the political economy of policy change through an in-depth examination of the care regime configurations and social policy–making processes in Korea since the 1990s, and considers the implications for gender. The Korean social policy regime has features of both strong familialism and male breadwinner orientation. In addition, as a newly industrialized country, Korea has to contend simultaneously with both industrialized and developing nation socioeconomic contexts. For example, a rapid decline in fertility and population ageing, a shift to the service sector and knowledge-based economy, and changes in norms about de-familialization, individualization and gender equality coexist with a sizeable informal labour market and an underdeveloped welfare state. However, the situation has altered since the 1990s as the government responds to changes in political and socioeconomic contexts. The welfare state has expanded significantly since 1997, and since 2003, has also seen a noticeable enlargement of social care. This paper focuses on one aspect of social care expansion: childcare and family/work harmonization policies."(pg 4)
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2009-10
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With permission of the license/copyright holder