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[Global corruption report 2003] 2002 Corruption perceptions index
Lambsdorff, Johann Graf
Lambsdorff, Johann Graf
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Abstract
"Transparency International’s annual Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), now in its eighth year of publication, has since its inception facilitated research into the causes and consequences of corruption. This year, as in previous years, its methodology has again been improved. The CPI aggregates the perceptions of well-informed people with regard to the extent of corruption, defined as the misuse of public power for private benefit. The extent of corruption reflects the frequency of corrupt payments, the value of bribes paid and the resulting obstacle imposed on businesses. This year’s CPI used data collected between 2000 and 2002. The CPI is a composite index. Altogether 15 data sources were used in the 2002 CPI, from nine different institutions: the World Economic Forum, the World Business Environment Survey of the World Bank, the Institute of Management Development (in Lausanne), PricewaterhouseCoopers, the Political and Economic Risk Consultancy (in Hong Kong), the Economist Intelligence Unit, Columbia University, Gallup International on behalf of Transparency International, and Freedom House’s Nations in Transit. One precondition for the inclusion of a source in the index is that it must provide a ranking of nations. Another is that it must measure the overall level of corruption. Ensuring these conditions is essential to guarantee that we are not mixing apples with oranges. There exist sources that mix the level of corruption with other variables, such as xenophobia, nationalism, political instability or expected risks due to changes in corruption. Including such sources would distort the measurement of perceived levels of corruption. We take a conservative approach, and only include sources that strictly compare levels of corruption. The strength of the CPI lies in the combination of multiple data sources in a single index, which increases the reliability of each individual score. The benefit of combining data in this manner is that erratic findings from one source can be balanced by the inclusion of at least two other sources, lowering the probability of misrepresenting a country’s level of corruption.1 The high correlation of the different sources used in the CPI indicates its overall reliability. The figure shows the 90 per cent confidence intervals for each country included in the 2002 CPI, indicating how a country’s score may vary, depending on measurement precision. Most countries are measured with sufficient precision to allow a ranking of nations."
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2003
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1861974760
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With permission of the license/copyright holder