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Corruption in the education sector
Transparency international
Transparency international
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WP.pdf
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"1. The prevalence of the problem The public education system in most countries is largely left to the discretion of the central government. Even when education is decentralised, the state usually controls key areas such as the recruitment and deployment of teachers, payrolls and budget oversight. This monopoly leaves room for corruption to occur at different points along the way: in education ministries, school administrations and the classroom. The corrupt transactions that result can be traced to actors at the political, administrative and school level and can undermine good governance. Political. Education is particularly prone to political interference because of the sizable finances and human resources it employs. On average, it consumes 20-30 percent of a nation’s budget. Corruption can take many forms. Politicians may abuse their power when making teaching appointments, promotions or transfers. They may even 'secure' teachers to campaign for them in the classroom during elections.2 Their political influence also may be used to determine where and what types of schools to build. Administrative. Corruption can occur at different administrative levels, including within ministries, districts and schools. For example, district inspectors may request bribes from schools in return for a favourable report to the education ministry. Individuals — administrators, teachers and others — may also misuse schools for private and commercial purposes. Educational material and school supplies may be sold instead of being freely distributed. Unauthorised fees may be charged for public schools and universities (see sidebar). School. Teachers may be absent from the classroom, not teach the required curricula or extort services from pupils. Sexual exploitation of students by teachers and professors is a common form of corruption in many countries. 2. Education finance Corruption occurs in the allocation, execution and use of government budgets earmarked for education. Given the overall size of funding for a country's education system, even low levels of corruption in budget management can result"
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2009-04-04
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With permission of the license/copyright holder